Esketamine is a nasal spray medication used to treat treatment-resistant depression in adults. It works differently than traditional antidepressants by targeting NMDA receptors in the brain, which are involved in mood regulation and neural connections.
Traditional antidepressants typically affect serotonin or norepinephrine pathways, while esketamine acts on glutamate pathways. This different mechanism may help people who haven’t responded to other medications.
Esketamine is always used in combination with an oral antidepressant and must be administered in a clinical setting under medical supervision.